Recorders

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Did you know…?

According to studies, the sound of a wooden, plastic, and metal flute is practically indistinguishable, even to the ears of a professional flutist.

About the recorder…

The recorder, or fipple flute, is a musical instrument of the woodwind family with a cylindrical shape and 8 holes. It is easy to play, versatile, lightweight, portable, and very suitable as a school musical instrument or as an introductory wind instrument for any age.

Context and a bit of history

The origin of the recorder we know today dates back to 1832 and we owe it to the German flutist and inventor, Theobald Boehm.

However, the actual origin is much earlier than this date, so we have to go back to prehistory where musical instruments very similar to the modern flute already existed. These flutes were made from wood, bone, or ceramic.

Already in the Middle Ages, these instruments began to become more sophisticated, thanks to the first beveled dividers in the mouthpieces, and later in the Renaissance and Baroque periods, they began to play a key role in the orchestra and were used by great composers of the time such as Sebastian Bach and Antonio Vivaldi.

The most characteristic parts of the recorder

Head:

Where the mouthpiece is located, at one end of the instrument.

Mouthpiece:

The piece through which the musician introduces the airflow for it to travel through the body of the instrument and make it sound.

Body:

The largest and elongated part of the instrument where the different holes of the flute are located. They can be made of one or several subdivisible pieces, depending on the model.

Holes:

The holes allow different notes to be generated; specifically, it has seven on the top and a single hole on the bottom.

Types of recorders

The most appropriate classification we can make to distinguish the different types of recorders will be by tuning:

  • Piccolo: the highest-pitched recorder. Its range goes from C6 to D8
  • Soprano: More common and used in schools. Range: F5 to D7
  • Sopranino: Slightly smaller and with a range from F5 to G7
  • Tenor: range from C4 to D6.
  • Alto: From F4 to G6.
  • Bass: Larger size. Covers a range from F3 to G5.
  • Great Bass: Larger dimensions than any other recorder. Range from C3 to D5.

How the recorder works

The recorder consists of a total of 8 holes (7 on top and one on the bottom) which must be covered or uncovered with the fingertips, depending on the notes to be reproduced, and at the same time as a stream of air is introduced through the mouthpiece of the instrument.

Furthermore, the recorder can be played in two different ways, according to Baroque fingering (which seeks a more ergonomic fingering) or German fingering (which presents a less ergonomic fingering).

Using a recorder for school is very common, as it is one of the simplest and most practical instruments to use and learn for children to connect with basic concepts and enter the world of academic music.